Science and Technology

AGS Tx

Extracellular Vesicles from Microalgae (MEVs) as Delivery Systems for Human Therapeutics
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Our Pipeline

Our Pipeline

Based on the data obtained from (1) biodistribution studies of MEVs following different routes of administration in vivo (oral, respiratory, intranasal, topical-ocular, intravenous, intramuscular), and (2) functional data on the delivery and expression of different payloads and modalities, AGS has identified a number of Verticals or focus areas, namely: Ophthalmology, Bowel diseases, Vaccines, Gene Therapy, CNS disorders, and Respiratory diseases.

verticals

Verticals serve to structure and focus internal research, external collaborations, and further development work.

Each Vertical represents a somewhat homogenous biological system within the body: a limited number of organs and tissues, as well as specific morphological and physiological determinants and responses, specific biological barriers and levels of exposure, tolerance, and sensibility.

Each Vertical can be efficiently effected by a specific route of administration :

  • Ophthalmology, by suprachoroidal injection or by drop instillation
  • Bowel diseases, by oral administration
  • Vaccines, by either oral-intestinal administration or by intramuscular administration
  • Gene Therapy, by various administration routes
  • CNS disorders, by intranasal administration
  • Respiratory diseases, by intratracheal administration or nebulization
V
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AGS-1010
  • Treatment of NV (neovascularization), including wAMD (wet age-related macular degeneration)
  • Suprachoroidal injection or Topical administration (eye drops) breakthrough
  • Payload : anti-angiogenic molecule
  • Target tissue : choroid and retinal cells
AGS-2010
  • Treatment of IBD (inflammatory bowel disease)
  • Oral administration (non-systemic) breakthrough
  • Payload : modulator / ligand of endosomal TLR9
  • Target tissue : enterocytes, intestinal resident macrophages
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]
Ophtalmology [topical, eyes]

AGS supports the view that, with so many routes of administration at hand, and the body having so many entry doors, forward drug development might not need to be limited and primarily focused on the intravenous route of administration, which exposes the entire body to the putative drug and, therefore, to undesired and eventually systemic side effects, and which presents so many relevant intrinsic obstacles, such as the first-pass metabolism in the liver, the blood-brain barrier to access the brain, the filtration in the kidneys, among other.

The use of Verticals is a gateway to simplify and expedite clinical development of drug candidates.

AGS products consist of a highly specific payload encapsulated inside a generic MEV.
Whatever the nature of the payload, a MEV traveling through a particular route of administrition (whether the olfactory tract in the brain,  the digestive tract, the airways, or the eye) remains a samely
generic MEV.
Such MEV will display a specific pattern of tolerance, and biological interaction with the surrounding tissues that is expected to be : (1) particular to each route of administration, and (2) independent from the payload.

The choice of AGS’ initial internal pipeline is guided by four major objectives:

(1)
To stress the competitive edge and differentiation of AGS’ MEVs from EVs or LNPs.
(2)
To capitalize on the natural capacity of MEVs to target specific organs or tissues in vivo.
(3)
To make the broadest possible demonstration of the potential of AGS’ technology.
(4)
To move AGS’ technology TRL towards preclinical and clinical stages.

Loaded MEVs as Therapeutic products

The potential of MEVs technology is massive and the universe of possibilities for treating or preventing diseases is virtually unlimited.

AGS’ MEVs offer a package of remarkable features: 

.
A striking capacity to pass through stringent natural barriers, such as the digestive tract, or the olfactory neurons.
.
A high versatility to accommodate a diversity of payloads (siRNA, mRNA, oligonucleotides, plasmids, peptides, proteins, small molecules).
.
The ability to be exo-loaded, and a high versatility to accomodate a diversity of payloads (siRNA, mRNA, oligonucleotides, plasmids, peptides, proteins, small molecules).
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The ability to be endo-loaded with selected payloads, thus opening the way to cell lines as stable producers of endo-loaded MEVs
.
A natural biodistribution to organs and tissues that are highly relevant to treating or preventing disease.
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The capacity to convey and deliver payloads (siRNA, mRNA, receptor-binding peptides…) to the right cellular compartments where they can elicit complex biological activity.

The potential of MEVs technology can be described in three dimensions: payload, target organs, and uses.

(1) Payload: MEVs can be loaded with a diversity of biologically active molecules.

(11) Target tissues and organs: MEVs biodistribution is determined by the route of administration.

(111) Uses: Depending on the payload and on the targeted tissue, MEVs can be envisaged for vaccination and for therapy.

miRNAs
siRNAs
mRNAs
Peptides
Proteins - Protein complexes
Oligonucleids (ASO)
Small molecules
Plasmids
Infectious diseases
Neurodegenerative disorders
Genetic disorders
Metabolism disorders
Dermatologic disorders
Cancer
Brain and Nervous system
Internal organs
(lungs, spleen, liver,..)
Digestive tract
Mucosal epithelia
(eyes, naso-buccal, urogenital,..)
Skin
Payload
Medical indications
Target organs / cells

AGS is currently building its initial internal pipeline. The initial internal pipeline will be focused on four major driving principles:

(1)
Making a demonstration of the potential of AGS’ technology in various fronts,
(2)
Advancing AGS’ technology TRL towards the regulatory preclinical stage,
(3)
Stressing the competitive edge and differentiation of AGS’ MEV compared to other EVs or to LNPs.
(4)
Capitalizing on the capacity of MEV to target specific organs or tissues based on the administration route used.

gene therapy

MEV-based gene therapy is transversal to the Verticals : this method can be efficiently effected by various routes of administration and depends on the kind of payload used.

Delivery routes

MIGs Platform

Microalgae Genetic Engineering

Our proprietary platform enables the generation of stable producer cell lines from genetically engineered microalgae, for therapeutics applications. The microalgae are then used to express custom, targeted RNAi (siRNA or miRNA) which are directly embedded, by the same microalgae, into their own extracellular vesicles.

RNAi Biotherapeutics

Antimicrobial Precision Killing

The therapeutic agents (RNAi) produced by our initial set of microalgae cell lines are designed to be pathogen-killers independent of their antibiotic resistance (bacteria) and their immunogenicity or escape mutability (viruses). Welcome the next generation of antibacterial and antiviral biotherapeutics.

RNAi targets

Gene Silencing Shotgun

We take advantage of the versatility of RNAi, used to down-regulate the expression of target genes in specific hand-picked gene sequences, and aim at any and all regions, both structural and functional, where essential, pathogenic, or resistance genes are present.
All the action happens simultaneously, like a shotgun.

MEVs

Natures’ own Delivery System

True to EVs’ natural role as primary communication channel between cells, we engineered our microalgae-based EVs (MEVs) to serve as Drug Delivery System (DDS), to carry, protect, and deliver their cargo right into human or bacterial cells. By design, MEVs can be either generic (targeting a variety of tissues and allowing for multiple administration routes) or specific.

Safe system

The Ideal Biological System

Microalgae are free from human pathogens (e.g. viruses, mycoplasma), and their MEVs are non-toxic as well as non-immunogenic for humans. Unlike most of the current pharmaceutical industry, which uses animal cells or synthetic biology for the manufacturing of proteins, viral vectors, and EVs among others, our technology offers a safer alternative.

Simple process

The New Gold Standard

Requiring only light, water, and salts, microalgae-based biologics are produced and purified using inherently clean and simple processes, with low-to-no media supplements, that can easily be scaled-up in compliance with cGMP regulations. Equipped with cutting-edge Photo-Bioreactors (PBRs) and industry-standard Downstream Processing (DSP) tools, we achieve a high-yield, low-cost overall process.

delivery routes

Distinctive features of MEVs are :

(1)
Orally administered, MEVs deliver their payload to the intestinal epithelium, opening the way to the treatment of infectious, inflammatory, or chronic bowel diseases.
(2)
Orally administered, they also reach the GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) and the spleen, making the MEVs suitable for immunomodulatory approaches and for vaccines.
(3)
By intranasal administration, MEVs bypass the blood-brain barrier and reach specific regions of the brain, making them amenable for treatments of depression, PTSD, as well as degenerative, neurological, and cognitive disorders.
(4)
Delivered to the respiratory tract, MEVs reach the lungs, where they can be envisaged for treatments of infectious, inflammatory, and genetic disorders.
(5)
Intravenously, MEVs reach the liver, the spleen, and other organs.

Targetted tissues and organs

One set of toxicity responses for a same delivery system and administration route.

Explore our Delivery routes Program
Bronchial Mucosa

Bronchial Mucosa

Bronchial Mucosa, bronchial Epithelium Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Respiratory epithelium

Respiratory epithelium

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CNS

CNS

Brain and Nervous system 6 CNS (Brain) Neuron (synapse) Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

CNS

CNS

Smell receptor to Brain and Nervous system CNS (Brain) Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Liver

Liver

Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Spleen

Spleen

Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Duodenum

Duodenum

Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Digestive tract

Digestive tract

Microvillus of the small intestine Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Skin

Skin

Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Vaginal mucosa

Vaginal mucosa

Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.

Urogenital

Urogenital

Topical - Urinary bladder mucosa - Mucosal epithelia (urogenital mucosa) Non sint porro nam sunt assumenda expedita autem. Et autem odio et dolores dignissimos quo harum voluptatibus aut numquam unde! Non molestiae asperiores ut fugit porro vel enim dolores et quia architecto in facere odit! Est cumque atque ut ullam facilis non placeat odio id aliquid unde sed ullam dolorem cum sunt deserunt qui expedita porro.